SUPREME SACRIFIER SHAHEED-E-AZAM SARDAR UDHAM SINGH JI

Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Udham Singh killer of Sir Michael O' Dwyer was born on 26th December1899 at village Sunam (now Sunam Udham Singh Wala) Distt Sangroor of Patiala Princely State. His parents Sardar Tehal Singh & Sardarni Harnam Kour were convert to Sikhism on the initiation of Sardar Dhanna Singh Ji an overseer in irrigation Department. Before baptismal( Amritpan) Sardar Tehal and sardarni Harnam Kour were named as Shri Chuhar Ram and Shrimati Narayana Devi . They are reported to be residents of village Patiali of Etta Nagar in Utter Pradesh. One author has written that Chuhar Ram was resident of Kanpur Janpad in UP. Shri Chuhar Ram came from Jammu (Jammu clan is of Kamboj lineage in Chamars) Chamars are of an important shudra ( Untouchable or Ati Shudra) caste having religious linkage with Guru Ravi Das. Guru Ravi Dass (1414-1540AD) born near Banaras, a highest religious seat of Hindus and was a saint of highest spiritual order. The Chuhar Ram couple was from seasonal migratory labour class. They used to come to Punjab as poor labourers along with others to work inagriculture farms and for brick kiln owners. In 1880 Chuhar Ram migrated from village Patiali (UP) to Sunam in Patiala State of Punjab. Shri Chuhar Ram and Shrimati Narayana Devi worked at Neelowal 3 miles (5 Kms) from Sunam with Irrigation Canal Overseer Sardar Dhanna Singh. Shri Chuhar Ram and his wife a pious couple worked with great zeal, dedication and honesty, so Sardar Dhanna Singh himself a devout religious person developed affection for them. This religious attachment of theirs influenced Shri Chuhar Ram’s to become a devoted(Shajdhari) Sikh. When Sh. Chuhar Ram couple again came to Sunam for work, they were received with affection by Sardar Dhanna Singh , his wife Sardarni Maan Kour and their daughter Maya Kour. Shri Chuhar Ram his wife took Amrit & become regular Sikhs with new names as Sardar Tehal Singh & Sardarni Harnam Kour. Kind hearted Sardar Dhanna Singh through his relation Sardar Chanchal Singh Sunami got engaged Sardar Tehal Singh as a Railway Gateman at Uppali Railway Station, 5 miles from Sunam. So Sardar Tehal Singh started living at Sunam in a small house where Shaheed Udham Singh was born as second male to Sardar Tehal Singh & Sardarni Harnam Kour. Their elder son was Mukha Singh. Their second son was named as Sher Singh, whowas later renamed as Udham Singh. As ill luck both Sardarni Harnam Kour & Sardar Tehal Singh died with in a span of one year leaving both their sons aged 10 & 5 years as orphans. Sardar Chanchal Singh looked after both boys for 2 years & then got them admitted in Central Khalsa Ram Bagh Orphanage near Putligarh Amritsar on24th October, 1907. Sardar Sohan Singh in charge of this orphanage was son-in-law of Sardar Dhanna Singh. So Mukha Singh & Sher Singh newly admitted boys got homely care under Sardarni Maya Kour ( S. Dhana Singh’s daughter) and her orphanage in charge husband. The boys were given new names Mukha singh as Sadhu Singh & Sher Singh as Udham Singh. Pandit Jai Chand a cook of orphanage a revolutionary himself, taught the children of orphanage how to become revolutionary and this teaching influenced the young mind of Udham Singh too. Simplicity, hard work, truthfulness and bravery of Udham influenced Smt. Kamla Rani the wife of Pandit Jai Chand & Sardarni Maya Kour, so both ladies gave him motherly affection. In about 1913 Sadhu Singh went with Sadhus never to return again, so left Udham Singh alone in this world. Sadhu Singh is reported to have died in 1917. Udham Singh passed his matriculation Examination in 1919 and left the orphanage there after. By then he had gained expertise in furniture making, driving, wrestling and music . He won many wrestling matches from important wrestlers. By the side of the orphanage he started working in a shop as furniture making worker. This shop was a secret centre for planning revolutionary activities by the then known Karantikaries( Revolutionary Freedom fighter) Here Udham Singh met main revolutionary leaders Sardar Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru, and Sukhdev. The Rowlatt Act 1914 gave many powers to colonial government including arresting and detaining any body without trial. This was widely opposed in India. On April 13, 1919, over twenty thousand unarmed Indians, mainly Dalit and Dalit Sikhs, peacefully assembled in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, to listen to several prominent local leaders speak out against British colonial rule in India and against the arrest and deportation of Dr. Satya Pal, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, and few others under this unpopular Rowlatt Act. Udham Singh and his mates from the orphanage were serving water to the crowd on a warm summer afternoon. A band of 90 soldiers armed with rifles and Kukries or Khukhris (short swords) marched to the park accompanied by two armored cars with mounted machine guns. The vehicles were unable to enter the Bagh owing to the narrow entrance. Brigadier-General Reginald Edward Harry Dyer was in command of 45th Infantry Brigade at Jalandhar, arrived in Amritsar. He immediately established file facto army rule, though the official proclamation to this effect was not made until 15 April. The troops at his disposal included 475 British and 710 Indian soldiers. On 12 April he issued an order prohibiting all meetings and gatherings. On 13 April which marked the Baisakhi festival, a large number of people, mostly Sikhs, had poured into the city from the surrounding villages. Local leaders called upon the people to assemble for a meeting in the Jallianwala Bagh at 4.30 in the evening. The troops had entered the Bagh by about 5:15 PM. With no warning to the crowd to disperse, Dyer ordered his troops to open fire, concentrating especially on the areas where the crowd was thickest Among the gathering were three brave Dalits namelly Bhudha Singh,Mangil Singh & Dhulia Singh Dhobies (Washer men) challenged General Dyer to shoot them first, as they were not afraid of his bullets. General Dyer fired bullets which pierced through their chests. There after the attack lasted ten minutes. Since there was only one exit not barred by soldiers, people tried to climb the walls of the park. Some also jumped into a well inside the compound to escape the bullets. A plaque in the monument says that 120 bodies were plucked out of the well alone. By the time the smoke cleared, hundreds of people had been killed and thousands injured. Official estimates put the figures at 379 killed (337 men, 41 boys and a six week old baby) and 200 injured, but other reports estimated the deaths well over 1,000 and possibly 1,300. According to Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya and Lala Girdhari Lal, the deaths were more than 1,000. Swami Shardanand places the figure at more than 1,500Dr Smith, Civil Surgeon of Amritsar, gives an even larger number: 1,800 dead. The casualty figures were never fully ascertained for political reasons. The wounded could not be moved from where they had fallen, as a curfew had been declared. Debate about the actual figures continues to this day. Official figures say that 1,650 rounds of ammunition had been used. Udham Singh, an eye witness of this massacre saw it from a tree top, where he had climbed to listen the leaders. Udham Singh mainly held Michael O'Dwyer (1864-1940) then Punjab Governor, responsible for what came to be known as the Amritsar Massacre. New research supporting this fact reveals the massacre to have occurred with the Governor's full connivance "to teach the Indians a lesson, to make a wide impression and to strike terror through-out Punjab" The incident had greatly shaken young Udham Singh and proved a turning point in his life. After bathing in the holy Amritsar sarovar ( Religiously pool of nectar), Udham Singh took a silent vow and solemn pledge in front of the Golden Temple to wreak a vengeance on the perpetrators of the crime and to restore honour to what he saw as a humiliated nation. Sardar Gurnam Singh Mukatsar (Writer Of Hindi Book Jhooth Na Bol Pande) writes at page 283 that it was the gathering of Dalit Sikhs devotees, whose Deg ( Cooked sweet food say Halwa) was not allowed to be distributed to devotees in Darbar Sahib Amritsar by Upper Caste converted Sikh Granthi Aroor Singh. These Dalit Sikhs along with Army Jawans( Soldiers) belonging to low Castes decided to gather in Jallianwala Bagh to protest against insult inflicted upon them by Granthi of their faith. This Aroor Singh instigated General Dyer telling him the Dalit were going to hold a big protest against British Crown there by creating Law and order problems. So General Dyer decided to teach lesson to the protestors. General Dyer was later presented a Saroopa (Honoring in a Sikhism Religious Style to a person for some highly praise worthy work). Also KambojSociety.com, #640, Sector: 69, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab - 160062, India claims that this incident of honouring General Dyer later resulted in formation of “The All India Sikh League as a representative body of the Panth for political action”. This ultimately culminated in formation of the Gurdwara Reform movement , 1920-25. Some Sikh servicemen, resenting the policy of non-violence adopted by the leaders of the Alkali movement, resigned from the army and constituted the nucleus of an anti-British terrorist group known as Babar Alkalis. Any way General Dyer was responsible for the massacre of innocent Indians. After the massacre Udham Singh found wailing Shrimati Rattana Devi to find the dead body of her husband who was killed in the shoot out. Udam Singh consoled Rattana Devi, got traced the dead body of her husband from the heap of dead persons and adopted Widow Smt Rattana Devi as his step sister. Udham Singh promised her to take revenge for death of her husband. He left Amritsar on 22 April 1919 and reached Baramula town of Kashmir State, where he worked in a furniture shop for some time & in October 1919 returned to his village Sunam. In sunam he killed a wild wolf, which had created terror in the area and had killed many animals besides a few children. Sunam Residents offered him shelter and help with requests to make Sunam his permanent abode, to which he denied, as he had different goals in his mind. In November 1919 he returned to Amritsar. At that time he joined a group of labourers and reached South Africa in November 1919 itself and engaged himself in organizing meeting to oppose British Crown of India. From here he set for America in a ship while serving as a coal Charge man to ship boiler and reached America in 1920. He met Lala Hardayal chief of Gaddar Party and learnt the art of making Bullets & got training in shooting. From here on the advice of Lala Hardayal he went to England with the sole objective of killing General Dyer, who had retired and had returned to London. But General Dyer died of paralysis in 1927. Governer Punjab Michael O'Dwyer was called back to London, which became the target of Uham Singh, to fulfill his vow to take revenge for Amritsar Massacre of 13th April,1919. In London Udham Singh met twice Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar in India Office Library and on the advise of Dr Ambedkar, Udham Singh joined Engineering courses. Dr Ambedkar advised Udham Singh to get equipped with higher education in London. In London Udham Singh met a German Lady Miss Merry, who promised him all help including financial help. When Dr. Ambedkar left for Bonn to study Sanskrit, Udham Singh returned to India in 1923 on call from Bhagat Singh, to whom Udham Singh called his Guru. Miss Merry also accompanied him and she was introduced to all known to Udham Singh. In India at Lahore he joined National College of Lala Lajpat Rai and passed his F.A ( now 10+2) in 1923 there after joined B.A. classes. This college was a training centre for the revolutionaries and Bhagat Singh too was a student there. He worked as teacher along with Sargar Bhagat singh in the National School Kher Aligarh. Udam Singh went to Kanpur, again to Lahore and then to London for the Second time. He along with Miss Merry traveled across the Globe and went to Russia, France, Abyssinia, Scylia, Charybdis, Egypt, Island of White, Vikar of Bay etc. where he kept himself engaged in Revolutionary activities. In 1927 he returned to Lahore again on message from Bhagat Singh. He was not prepared to return to India with out accomplishing his set goal, but Miss Merry convinished him by advancing argument that Bhagat Singh might have some plan to make Udham ‘s work easy or some more urgent job might had been set for him. Udham Singh brougt with him four persons, explosive material, some pistols and ammunition besides Miss Merry his most confident person. Udham Singh continued to work for the set goal and kept close contact with other revolutionary persons. He was caught with loaded pistol No 85869 and sentenced for five years from 28 Sept1928 to 23 Sept 1932 in central Jail Multan and Rawalpindi. Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru & Sukhdev to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai of shoot down JP Sanders and this news was received by Udham singh on 17 Dec.1928 in jail ,when he said “Brother, you have full filled your promise, where as my vow is yet unfulfilled, you are great” After releasing from Jail, he went to Peshawer, then to Sunam and also to Jammu. From Jammu he went to Kashmir on foot in the disguise of a sadhu. Here he came in contact with Sardar Swarn Singh, Justice Dan Singh and others and worked as labourer in the furniture shop of Faquiria. Udham Singh also went to Amar Nath as a Sadhu. In1933 he along with Miss Merry went to London and lived for some time in Shephard Bush Gurudwara. He worked as a taxi driver too for the taxi of Shephard Bush Gurudwara. Udham Singh worked as demestic driver to Sir Michael O'Dwyer in Devons Shire U.K. and used to carry Dyer’s daughter Miss Golde to college so he under stood all lanes and surroundings of Dyer’s house . Udham Singh had earned the confidence of Miss Golde & other family members, from whom he collected house secrets and circumstances which had prompted Sir Michael O’Dwyer to order firing inJalianwala Bagh. He left the service of driver to Sir Michael O' Dwyer but continued his revolutionary activities by meeting other revolutionaries. Golde is said to have tried to gained nearness to Udham Singh but timely reminding him, his solemn pledge by Miss Merry, he again started vigorously concentrating on his set goal On 12 th March 1940 Udham Singh got Laddos ( Indian Sweet,) from the Indian restaurant through Balbir Singh another revolutionary and distributed among his colleagues. Every body thought that Udham Singh has finalised his bride-to-be to marry her. On enquiry he said he has been already married to the cause of his mother land and every body shall know through news papers tomorrow the cause of his happiness.At last, the opportunity came on 13 March 1940, almost 21 years after the Jallianwala Bagh killings: After praying in Shephard Bush Gurudwara and taking Parsad from the Granthi, he came back to home and then reached Caxton Hall. A joint meeting of the East India Association and the Royal Central Asian Society was scheduled at Caxton Hall, and among the speakers was Michael O'Dwyer. Udham Singh concealed his revolver in a book specially cut for the purpose and managed to enter Caxton Hall. He took up his position against the wall. At the end of the meeting, the gathering stood up and O'Dwyer moved towards the platform to talk to Lord Zetland. Udham Singh pulled his revolver and fired. O'Dwyer was hit twice and died immediately. Again Udham Singh fired at Lord Zetland (1876-1961, then secretary of State for India), the Secretary of State for India, injuring him but not seriously. Incidentally, Sir Luis Dane was hit by one shot, which broke his radius bone and dropped him to the ground with serious injuries. A bullet also hit Lord Lamington(1896-1951), whose right hand was shattered. If planned earlier Udham Singh could have escaped but did not intend to escape. So he was arrested on the spot. Back in India, there was a strong reaction to this assassination. While the Congress-controlled English speaking press of India condemned Singh's action in general terms, independents like Amrit Bazar Patrika and New Statesman took different views. In its March 18, 1940 issue, Amrit Bazar Patrika wrote, "O'Dwyer's name is connected with Punjab incidents which India will never forget". The most telling reaction came from the common man on the street who hailed Udham Singh as a hero and patriot. Indians all over regarded Singh's action as justified and an important step in India's struggle to end British colonial rule in India As never expected but unfortunately, in a statement to the Press, Mahatama Gandhi had condemned the Caxton Hall shooting saying that "the outrage has caused me deep pain. I regard it as an act of insanity.I hope this will not be allowed to affect political judgment". A week later, Harijan, Gandhi’s newspaper further wrote: "We had our differences with Michael O'Dwyer but that should not prevent us from being grieved over his assassination. We have our grievances against Lord Zetland. We must fight his reactionary policies, but there should be no malice or vindictiveness in our resistance. The accused is intoxicated with thought of bravery Pt Jawahar Lal Nehru wrote in his National Herald: "Assassination is regretted but it is earnestly hoped that it will not have far-reaching repercussions on political future of India. Most of the press worldwide remembered the story of Jallianwala Bagh and held Michael O'Dwyer fully responsible for the events. Singh was called "fighter for freedom" by The Times, London, While in Police custody, Udham Singh remarked: "Is Zetland dead? He ought to be. I put two into him right there" indicating with his hand the pit of his stomach in left side. Udham Singh remained quiet for several minutes and then again said: "Only one dead eh'. I thought I could get more. I must have been too slow. There were a lot of women about, you know" Just after thirteen day of the Caxton Hall firing ,on 1 April 1940, Udham Singh was formally charged with the murder of Michael O'Dwyer. On 4 June 1940, he was committed to trial, at the Central Criminal Court, Old Bailey, before Justice Atkinson. When the court asked about his name, he replied "Ram Mohammad Singh Azad", which Singh believed would demonstrate his transcendence of race, caste, creed, and religion. Singh explained his actions to the court at his trial:He did it because he had a grudge against him. He deserved it.Atkinson sentenced him to death. On 31st July 1940, Udham Singh was hanged at Pentonville Prison. As with other executed prisoners, he was buried later that afternoon within the prison grounds. In March 1940, Indian National Congress leaders, including Jawahar Lal Nehru and Mahatama Gandhi, condemned the action of Udham Singh as senseless, but in 1962, Nehru did an about-turn and applauded Singh with the following statement in the daily Partap: "I salute Shaheed-e-Azam Udham Singh with reverence who had kissed the noose so that we may be free.". In July 1974, Udham Singh's remains were exhumed and repatriated to India at the request of S. Sadhu Singh Thind an MLA from Sultanpur Lodhi at that time. He asked Indira Gandhi to force the then British Government to hand over Udham Singh's remains to India. Sadhu Singh Thind himself went to England as a special envoy of Indian Government and brought back the remains of the Shaheed. He was given a martyr's reception. Among those who received his casket at Delhi airport were Shankar Dayal Sharma, then president of the Congress Party, and Zail Singh, then chief minister of Punjab, both of whom later went on to become Presidents of India. Indira Gandhi, the prime minister, also laid a wreath. He was later cremated in his birthplace of Sunam in Punjab and his ashes were immersed in the Ganga river. References:-Savtantantra Sangram Ke Mahabalidani Udham Singh by Dr.Rajpal Singh Raj Rajlaxmi Prakashan Brahmpuri Delhi-53 1) www.serchsikhism.com 2) Wikipedia 3) KambojSociety.com, and 4. Jhooth Na Bol PandeHindi Book by Sardar Gurnam Singh Mukatsar Punjab

NDIA’S TWO BHARATS

NDIA’S TWO BHARATS

                                                                                       By:Er.H. R.Phonsa,Jammu

India is one of the most nature favoured land. Nature has bestowed India with abundant natural resources. It has  world’s high peaks of Himalayan mountains in the North.  Himalayan mountains have not only acted as a natural barrier against foreign  intruders from the North but it controls weather year over making India as most pleasant place to live.  Himalaya peaks remain covered with snow year over. Our mighty rivers the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Indus with their tributaries emanate from Himalayas. Indian South Plateau having rivers Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, etc ( East flowing) and  the Narmada, the Tapi or Tapti and  the Sabarmati( West flowing). Length  of  Indian Coastal line is  7,517 km  out of which the south west Indian coastline along the Arabian sea  has 2908.1Kms and The South Eastern coastline along the Bay of Bengal has 2094 Kms besides this 2094 coast line encircles out 572 ( Andeman Nekowar) and 36 ( Lakshadweep) islands .For centuries the coastal areas besides providing safety from foreign invaders  provided easy trade routes supplying in abundance aquatic  food.  We are lucky to have the vast water resources; hot dry land patches (Max. Recorded Temp 52⁰C) of high temperature ranges, snow covered coldest mountain regions (minimum recorded temp. of minus 48⁰C), world’s wettest place  (with recoded per annum 26,000 millimetres (1,000 in) of rainfall in 1985), forest green areas( 23.8 % of land area) making India an all weather Country year around. Hardly any other country on the world map can boast of such natural treasurer. India possesses Coal (4th largest reserves in the world), Iron ore, Manganese ore (7th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Mica, Bauxite (5th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Chromites, Natural gas, Diamonds, Limestone and Thorium (world's largest along coast of Kerala shores). 

We rightly claim to be the oldest civilisation of the world. Despite all this the distribution of National resources India has been unfair with its unfortunate poverty ridden population from centuries. In the world among human there are colour and economic disparities. But India has unique character   where besides colour and economic disparities, there are caste hate disparities. There are remedies for other disparities but not for caste hate among Hindus. Many good hearted reformists have tries to find solution  to caste  but have had little or no  success. Even those who have left Hinduism, for reasons of caste  hate disparities, to embrace, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, majority  have carried their  Hindu castes  tags along. India attained freedom after 2200 years from foreign yoke 72 years ago.

Even during this period we have  seen India slipping into two Bharats Rich or elite and poor or deprived Bharat with in India, both having  hardly any thing  as equality social, economic, caste unification meeting point.. Even after attaining freedom the condition of Deprived Bhartiyas have changed but little. India is the second most unequal country in the world according to Global Wealth Report 2016 compiled by Credit Suisse Research Institute. A study by a Berlin-based NGO pegs India as ‘Most Corrupt Country in Asia-Pacific Region. As many as  big  207 scams took place in India involving enormous money  amounts between 1951-2018. In nine shamefully top scams (2003-2018)  Rs 6,71,420 crores were pilfer- aged by  corrupt politicians,  business persons ,  their relations and  their henchmen.  Elite India is for Bullet Train and the other is for increase in the frequency of trains besides increase in the number of bogies so that they climb down from train roof tops into bogies.

 Elite Indians has created a world of their own with in India with fencing so strong that hardly any person from the poverty ridden Bhartiyas can penetrate in their domain.  Elite Bhartiyas move by daily rise or fall of census where as poor by the daily market price of Dal ( pulses) and  Atta (flour). With 26% illiterate the Monthly mobile-wallet payments carry hardly any meaning.

 We are a home of 21% of world’s poor. As of 2014 showing 58% of the total Indian population were living on less than $3.10 per day.  Indian government planned in 2005 to bring complete change  in healthcare and family planning  through Accredited social health activists( ASHA) and  their helpers. But their monthly honorarium is  September 2018 was respectively Rs 3000/-and 1500/-  which is slated to be increased to Rs 4500/-and Rs 2500/ from October 2018 claing as a land mark by the Prime Minister Mr.  Narinder Modi. How these poor helpless workers are maintaining their families is any body’s guess. As per the International Rights Group OXFAM  "It would take around 17.5 days for the best paid executive at a top Indian garment company to earn what a minimum wage worker in rural India will earn in their lifetime, presuming 50 years at work."  Elite Bharat has added 19 more billionaires to reach 121  numbers(2018) from 2017 count of 102 billionaires. This makes India to house the third largest group of ultra-rich in the world. Mukesh  Ambani , who is way ahead of other Indian billionaires in terms of assets, became richer by $16.9 billion in 2018 (March 07, 2018 ET Now Digital ) with net worth Net Worth:  $ 39.6 Billion. However in 1998 only Indian Billionaire was his father  Dhirubhai Ambani  on the Forbes' list of billionaires with net worth of $1.2 billion. During last 20 years late  Dhirubhai Ambani’s family worth has increased by 2205 %.  In the poor Bharat from 1998 to 2018 as many as 3,00,000  farmers( Indian Bread producers) committed suicides( (Wikipedia) for various reasons, out  of them   bank loans out standing being one major reason. If the number of farm labourers is added  this figure may shoot up many times. Maharashtra State having Indian economic capital Mumbai has $410 billion ( Rs 27.88 lakh crores) GDP, over 6 % of National GDP    ( 2018-19 estimated).  But Maharashtra sadly  witnessed suicides of  poor Bhartiyas farmers as large as 70,000 (1995-2017). Mumbai red light areas,bars, brothels  have over 1,00,000 prostitutes, (now called sex workers) out of  their country wide  estimated  population of  6,57,829 ( Nov.2016 UNAIDS) .Underage population of prostitutes is estimated as 12 Lakhs .  All these unfortunate ladies come  from deprived Indians with compulsions of bread earning. The system of Devdassies or temple  dancing ladies with in age group of 6 to 37 years was shame on name of religion and religion manager Prohits, who sexually exploited helpless ladies coming from deprived Bhartiyas.

The “The Quint, Jan. 2018” quotes that Indian top one per cent of the population  is owning nearly 73% of the total  National wealth generated, The survey also showed that their wealth increased  by over Rs 20.9 lakh crores during  2017 , an amount nearly equivalent to Union budget 2017-18  pegged at Rs 21.47 Lakh Crores. Unfortunate deprived Bhartiyas  with 67 crores population of poorest ,as large as half of India, saw their wealth rise by just 1 per cent. 

Unfortunate among poor Bharat 454 million or 38. 2% of total population lived below poverty line ( Rangarajan committee report 2014). India houses 1/3 of world’s hungry, here nearly 20 crores go hungry daily and has 30.7% children   (below 5yrs) under weight due to malnutrition. Estimates show that in poverty ridden India 7000 die daily of hunger.  In July 2018 three sisters, aged 2,4,8 years died of hunger in National capita Delhi disproving all claims of government to care of poor Bhartiyas.  A shame to managers of secular, Democratic government  affairs with constitutional guarantee of equality for all .The undernourished Indian population is as high as 14.5% who are non other than deprived Bhartiyas.  Due to neglect and defective planning manned mostly by Elite Bhartiyas  67 million tons of food grains worth Rs92,000 cores go waste annually ( Clean India, May 12,2018) where as 7000 daily die of hunger. Recently World Bank reported that 60% of food subsidies do not reach poor ( Deprived Bharat) and are siphoned off by middleman or Elite Bharat. Late Rajiv Gandhi Indian Prime Ministers said in Kalahandi district Orissa in 1985 that out of Rupee One spent by government only 15 paise reach the intended welfare of downtrodden  beneficiary.

  Unfortunate poor Bharat had in 2011 over 32 crores illiterates (26% of population), 60 millions children of 6- 14 years of age are out of schools, large numbers of  school drop outs,90% of those who attend schools read very little. Despite this there is a total divide in imparting education for Elite and Deprived Bhartiyas, a basic need and Fundamental Right of every Indian child. For Elite Bhartiyas children have ultra modern education imparting gadgets, air conditioned class rooms and transport  vehicles ,proper student teacher ratio. Many of them enjoy reading in foreign universities. Where as in Deprived Bharat many schools are run  from under the tree shades with majority human needs infrastructures missing, at places the student  teacher ratio is as poor as 42:1. The quality of education is so poor that even  some teachers cannot write an essay of a few lines . British Govt. had promised to have 100% literacy in India by 1984, where as independent India reached 40.76% by 1981 with women literacy as low as 25.68%. Indian budget spending on education has hovered around 3% of GDP which has proven inadequate to the needs. The private and religious education institutions, out of reach of deprived Bhartiyas due to Exorbitant fees ,caste factors but these institutions, are getting liberal government  financial aid  and lands at throw away prices at the cost of government institutions financial health.

The elite Bharat lives in palatial buildings with large lawns, ultramodern gadgets fitted. Where as in deprived unfortunate Bharat living in slums has increased from 5.20 crores in 2001 to 12.8 crores in 2017. A slum is defined “A residential area where dwellings are unfit for human habitation being in dilapidation conditions, overcrowding, lack of ventilation, sanitation and having drinking water facilities in unhygienic conditions”. Four metropolitans Indian cities, where our majority elites live ,has percentage of slum population as given in brackets against their names as Delhi (15%), Kolkata (29.6%) Greater Mumbai (42%) and Chenai(28%). Despite this our first citizen lives in 130 hector Rashterpati Bhawan, a richest Indian has 27 storey house in4532 m²  plot in Mumbai costing over $2billion. Not only this in Delhi over VVIP leaders has occupied  even after their deaths as their samadhies  having area as 245 hectors ( Smadhi of Atal Behari Bajpai excluded) land  along  river Yamuna Bank. Some of them died after 2000, when government decided to stop having separate samadhies . Lakhs of acres of  open land is under religious shrines manned by Elite Bhartiyas . Carpet area of a house in EWS, LIG in Govt scheme house for all is 30m²and 60m² respectively. An economically weak section (EWS) are those persons whose recently revised annual income is up to Rs3,00,000/-. This category of people can avail housing loan from banks on subsidised interest’s rates up to Rs 5.00 Lacs to built their own houses.

Besides many other tricks of swindling government money by Elite Bhartiyas  NPA is one trick (NPA means Non performing assets, assets) created by business persons by obtaining loans from banks against  over valued/non existing mortgaged properties/stores, which have defaulted to return loans. In March 2018 NPA of   26 PSU Banks stood at 10.25 Lakh Crores or 11.8% of the total advances of 13.41%.The NPA stood at just 2.36% in 2011.It will not be surprising to note that 12 top defaulter companies account for 25% of total NPA.  Out of total defaulters RBI listed 12 top defaulters  with total out standing  NPA of Rs 2,28,668  crores and their net profit (-) Rs 27395 crores for FY 2016. But the union government instead of napping loan defaulters to recover out standings have pumped into PSU Banks, in 5 years 2011-12 to 2015-16  Rs-15,95,000 crores.  Some of high profile defaulters have succeeded to safely fly to foreign countries making their repatriation difficult and costly.

  As per CBI’s report disclosed in Indian Parliament Elite but unprincipled Bhartiya illegally hold US$500 billions in Switzerland Banks.  Unaccented money siphoned through scams and other such means is big  shame on Indians. Panama leaks (Estimated Rs 1140 crores) show names of those who swindled their unaccounted money to foreign land little concerning  for poverty at home. Over 3000-4000 tons of gold is estimated being  held in temples ( RBI as on June,2017 held only 566.23metric  tons of gold) with no  human heart  for diseased ,illiterate, living below poverty line Indians poor. Accumulated wealth in temples attempted foreigner invaders’ to invade them, loot the booty, kill the people enslave men and women in large numbers. Heartless Brahmin poojaries accumulated precious metals and stones worth rupees  trillions at the cost of miseries of common people who were diseased, naked, illiterates and ill fed .

Due to lack lust approach of farm loan wavering the suicide of farmers are continuing.  In December 2016 there was Rs 12.6 lakh crores (Equivalent to1.23 times NPA and 0.039 times of black money held in foreign banks) as total farm loan  ( MOS Agri. in RS) but government gave no assurance to wave it off. There were 90.2 million households of marginal and small farmers in 2013 (NSS) who could be benefitted by loan wavering.  The marginal and small farmers are those whose land holding is less than 1-2 hectors (2.5 to 5 acres).

Indians are poor people with rich gods. The Padmanabhaswamy temple is one of the 108 Lord Vishnu temples having worth of Rs1.2 Lakh crores and is reported holding 1300 tons of gold.

India is a house of 31million unemployed ( 7%).The evenues for employments are fully under control of Elite Bhartiyas. The share of 3.75% of total country  employment is in Government sector where a little share is with poor due to reservation in employment for weaker sections (SCs,STs,OBCs).But  3.54% employment opportunities  are with private sector, where poor  sections  have share in labour and junior ministerial jobs. Here all managerial jobs are with Elite Bhartiyas.

The chances of reduction of gap between to influential and deprived Bhartiyas seem little in the near future. The possibility of change lies faithfully implementing the constitution provisions of share of deprived Bhartiyas in all the four wings of democracy viz:  political, administrative, judiciary and media. But the elected representative too comes from the Elite Bhartiyas their concern for the left over Indian lot has been seen as lack lust. In the 16^th Lok Sabha we have 449 crorepaties MP’s. Out of 541 winners as many as 186 have criminal cases and 112 have serious criminal cases against them.  The Rajya Sabha is no different where 90% MP’s(RS) are crorepaties with the richest having assets of  Rs 4,078  crores as on 22-3-2018. The MP’s from the poor strata to fill the reserved post cannot speak either due to their poor knowledge or due to party whips and fear to loose seat under anti defection laws. Their selection is on the basis of their party loyalty.

  In the Indian judiciary only 250-300 families contribute Supreme court and Hc’s judges.  In the administration majority of senior administrative posts are held by another few families mostly from higher castes. The Indian media is held by big corporate houses with little concern for the poor. Since 1947 many hundred welfare schemes have been launched,  out of  which many schemes re-names modified/changed with the change of every Prime minister.  But these schemes have failed to mitigate the conditions of deprived Bhartiyas to the desired level.

As per version of Babu Parmanand  ( 1932-2008) former Governor of Haryana Indian’s  poverty removal lies in faithfully implementing of three problems

1)     Education to all with one syllabus for all irrespective of caste, creed or religion and one rate of

           school fees for both public and private schools. 

      2)          Land and House to the landless as per their minimum need.

    3)             Job to all able jobless hands            

 In India the infamous caste-class-power nexus, which renders most program implementation vulnerable to hijack through the unholy conspiracy among the rural /urban elite to the detriment of the rural poor and finally, lax oversight and soft mechanisms to check and to correct inappropriate program implementation.

Of late the Constitution burning incidents are taking place besides open talks by ruling dispensation members to change the Constitution are no healthy signs for the country.

It seems that the only concern of elites for poor’s is to get  their votes during elections. It looks as India is being run as a business house of Elite Bhartiya and not a welfare state as per the canons of our Constitution. All pleasures  for the elite Bhartiyas at the cost of all discomforts to the deprived Bhartiyas.

Words 2795

Dated :-13^st Sept.2018                                        By  :-Er.H. R.Phonsa,Jammu

INDIA’S TWO BHARATS

INDIA’S TWO BHARATS

                                                                                       By:Er.H. R.Phonsa,Jammu

India is one of the most nature favoured land. Nature has bestowed India with abundant natural resources. It has  world’s high peaks of Himalayan mountains in the North.  Himalayan mountains have not only acted as a natural barrier against foreign  intruders from the North but it controls weather year over making India as most pleasant place to live.  Himalaya peaks remain covered with snow year over. Our mighty rivers the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Indus with their tributaries emanate from Himalayas. Indian South Plateau having rivers Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, etc ( East flowing) and  the Narmada, the Tapi or Tapti and  the Sabarmati( West flowing). Length  of  Indian Coastal line is  7,517 km  out of which the south west Indian coastline along the Arabian sea  has 2908.1Kms and The South Eastern coastline along the Bay of Bengal has 2094 Kms besides this 2094 coast line encircles out 572 ( Andeman Nekowar) and 36 ( Lakshadweep) islands .For centuries the coastal areas besides providing safety from foreign invaders  provided easy trade routes supplying in abundance aquatic  food.  We are lucky to have the vast water resources; hot dry land patches (Max. Recorded Temp 52⁰C) of high temperature ranges, snow covered coldest mountain regions (minimum recorded temp. of minus 48⁰C), world’s wettest place  (with recoded per annum 26,000 millimetres (1,000 in) of rainfall in 1985), forest green areas( 23.8 % of land area) making India an all weather Country year around. Hardly any other country on the world map can boast of such natural treasurer. India possesses Coal (4th largest reserves in the world), Iron ore, Manganese ore (7th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Mica, Bauxite (5th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Chromites, Natural gas, Diamonds, Limestone and Thorium (world's largest along coast of Kerala shores). 

We rightly claim to be the oldest civilisation of the world. Despite all this the distribution of National resources India has been unfair with its unfortunate poverty ridden population from centuries. In the world among human there are colour and economic disparities. But India has unique character   where besides colour and economic disparities, there are caste hate disparities. There are remedies for other disparities but not for caste hate among Hindus. Many good hearted reformists have tries to find solution  to caste  but have had little or no  success. Even those who have left Hinduism, for reasons of caste  hate disparities, to embrace, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, majority  have carried their  Hindu castes  tags along. India attained freedom after 2200 years from foreign yoke 72 years ago.

Even during this period we have  seen India slipping into two Bharats Rich or elite and poor or deprived Bharat with in India, both having  hardly any thing  as equality social, economic, caste unification meeting point.. Even after attaining freedom the condition of Deprived Bhartiyas have changed but little. India is the second most unequal country in the world according to Global Wealth Report 2016 compiled by Credit Suisse Research Institute. A study by a Berlin-based NGO pegs India as ‘Most Corrupt Country in Asia-Pacific Region. As many as  big  207 scams took place in India involving enormous money  amounts between 1951-2018. In nine shamefully top scams (2003-2018)  Rs 6,71,420 crores were pilfer- aged by  corrupt politicians,  business persons ,  their relations and  their henchmen.

 Elite Indians has created a world of their own with in India with fencing so strong that hardly any person from the poverty ridden Bhartiyas can penetrate in their demain.  Elite Bhartiyas move by daily rise or fall of census where as poor by the daily market price of Dal ( pulses) and  Atta (flour). With 26% illiterate the Monthly mobile-wallet payments carry hardly any meaning.

 We are a home of 21% of world’s poor. As of 2014 showing 58% of the total  Indian population were living on less than $3.10 per day. As per the International Rights Group OXFAM  "It would take around 17.5 days for the best paid executive at a top Indian garment company to earn what a minimum wage worker in rural India will earn in their lifetime, presuming 50 years at work."  Elite Bharat has added 19 more billionaires to reach 121  numbers(2018) from 2017 count of 102 billionaires. This makes India to house the third largest group of ultra-rich in the world. Mukesh  Ambani , who is way ahead of other Indian billionaires in terms of assets, became richer by $16.9 billion in 2018 (March 07, 2018 ET Now Digital ) with net worth Net Worth:  $ 39.6 Billion. However in 1998 only Indian Billionaire was his father  Dhirubhai Ambani  on the Forbes' list of billionaires with net worth of $1.2 billion. During last 20 years late  Dhirubhai Ambani’s family worth has increased by 2205 %.  In the poor Bharat from 1998 to 2018 as many as 3,00,000  farmers( Indian Bread producers) committed suicides( (Wikipedia) for various reasons, out  of them   bank loans out standing being one major reason. If the number of farm labourers is added  this figure may shoot up many times. Maharashtra State having Indian economic capital Mumbai has $410 billion ( Rs 27.88 lakh crores) GDP, over 6 % of National GDP    ( 2018-19 estimated).  . But Maharashtra sadly  witnessed suicides of  poor Bhartiyas farmers as large as 70,000 (1995-2017).

The “The Quint, Jan. 2018” quotes that Indian top one per cent of the population  is owning nearly 73% of the total  National wealth generated, The survey also showed that their wealth increased  by over Rs 20.9 lakh crores during  2017 , an amount nearly equivalent to Union budget 2017-18  pegged at Rs 21.47 Lakh Crores. Unfortunate deprived Bhartiyas  with 67 crores population of poorest ,as large as half of India, saw their wealth rise by just 1 per cent. 

Unfortunate among  poor Bharat 454 million or 38. 2% of total population lived below poverty line ( Rangarajan committee report 2014). India houses 1/3 of world’s hungry, here nearly 20 crores go hungry daily and has 30.7% children   (below 5yrs) under weight due to malnutrition. Estimates show that in poverty ridden India 7000 die daily of hunger.  In July 2018 three sisters, aged 2,4,8 years died of hunger in National capita Delhi disproving all claims of government to care of poor Bhartiyas.  A shame to managers of secular, Democratic government  affairs with constitutional guarantee of equality for all .The undernourished Indian population is as high as 14.5% who are non other than deprived Bhartiyas.  Due to neglect and defective planning manned mostly by Elite Bhartiyas  67 million tons of food grains worth Rs92,000 cores go waste annually ( Clean India, May 12,2018) where as 7000 daily die of hunger. Recently World Bank reported that 60% of food subsidies do not reach poor ( Deprived Bharat) and are siphoned off by middleman or Elite Bharat. Late Rajiv Gandhi Indian Prime Ministers said in Kalahandi district Orissa in 1985 that out of Rupee One spent by government only 15 paise reach the intended welfare of downtrodden  beneficiary.

  Unfortunate poor Bharat had in 2011 over 32 crores illiterates (26% of population), 60 millions children of 6- 14 years of age are out of schools, large numbers of  school drop outs,90% of those who attend schools read very little. Despite this there is a total divide in imparting education for Elite and Deprived Bhartiyas, a basic need and Fundamental Right of every Indian child. For Elite Bhartiyas children have ultra modern education imparting gadgets, air conditioned class rooms and transport  vehicles ,proper student teacher ratio. Many of them enjoy reading in foreign universities. Where as in Deprived Bharat many schools are run  from under the tree shades with majority human needs infrastructures missing, at places the student  teacher ratio is as poor as 42:1. The quality of education is so poor that even  some teachers cannot write an essay of a few lines . British Govt. had promised to have 100% literacy in India by 1984, where as independent India reached 40.76% by 1981 with women literacy as low as 25.68%. Indian budget spending on education has hovered around 3% of GDP which has proven inadequate to the needs. The private and religious education institutions, out of reach of deprived Bhartiyas due to Exorbitant fees ,caste factors but these institutions, are getting liberal government  financial aid  and lands at throw away prices at the cost of government institutions financial health.

The elite Bharat lives in palatial buildings with large lawns, ultramodern gadgets fitted. Where as in deprived unfortunate Bharat living in slums has increased from 5.20 crores in 2001 to 12.8 crores in 2017. A slum is defined “A residential area where dwellings are unfit for human habitation being in dilapidation conditions, overcrowding, lack of ventilation, sanitation and having drinking water facilities in unhygienic conditions”. Four metropolitans Indian cities, where our majority elites live ,has percentage of slum population as given in brackets against their names as Delhi (15%), Kolkata (29.6%) Greater Mumbai (42%) and Chenai(28%). Despite this our first citizen lives in 130 hector Rashterpati Bhawan, a richest Indian has 27 storey house in4532 m²  plot in Mumbai costing over $2billion. Not only this in Delhi over VVIP leaders has occupied  even after their deaths as their samadhies  having area as 245 hectors ( Smadhi of Atal Behari Bajpai excluded) land  along  river Yamuna Bank. Some of them died after 2000, when government decided to stop having separate samadhies . Lakhs of acres of  open land is under religious shrines manned by Elite Bhartiyas . Carpet area of a house in EWS, LIG in Govt scheme house for all is 30m²and 60m² respectively. An economically weak section (EWS) are those persons whose recently revised annual income is up to Rs3,00,000/-. This category of people can avail housing loan from banks on subsidised interest’s rates up to Rs 5.00 Lacs to built their own houses.

Besides many other tricks of swindling government money by Elite Bhartiyas  NPA is one trick (NPA means Non performing assets, assets) created by business persons by obtaining loans from banks against  over valued/non existing mortgaged properties/stores, which have defaulted to return loans. In March 2018 NPA of   26 PSU Banks stood at 10.25 Lakh Crores or 11.8% of the total advances of 13.41%.The NPA stood at just 2.36% in 2011.It will not be surprising to note that 12 top defaulter companies account for 25% of total NPA.  Out of total defaulters RBI listed 12 top defaulters  with total out standing  NPA of Rs 2,28,668  crores and their net profit (-) Rs 27395 crores for FY 2016. But the union government instead of napping loan defaulters to recover out standings have pumped into PSU Banks, in 5 years 2011-12 to 2015-16  Rs-15,95,000 crores.  Some of high profile defaulters have succeeded to safely fly to foreign countries making their repatriation difficult and costly.

  As per CBI’s report disclosed in Indian Parliament Elite but unprincipled Bhartiya illegally hold US$500 billions in Switzerland Banks.  Unaccented money siphoned through scams and other such means is big  shame on Indians. Panama leaks (Estimated Rs 1140 crores) show names of those who swindled their unaccounted money to foreign land little concerning  for poverty at home. Over 3000-4000 tons of gold is estimated being  held in temples ( RBI as on June,2017 held only 566.23metric  tons of gold) with no  human heart  for diseased ,illiterate, living below poverty line Indians poor. Accumulated wealth in temples attempted foreigner invaders’ to invade them, loot the booty, kill the people enslave men and women in large numbers. Heartless Brahmin poojaries accumulated precious metals and stones worth rupees  trillions at the cost of miseries of common people who were diseased, naked, illiterates and ill fed .

Due to lack lust approach of farm loan wavering the suicide of farmers are continuing.  In December 2016 there was Rs 12.6 lakh crores (Equivalent to1.23 times NPA and 0.039 times of black money held in foreign banks) as total farm loan  ( MOS Agri. in RS) but government gave no assurance to wave it off. There were 90.2 million households of marginal and small farmers in 2013 (NSS) who could be benefitted by loan wavering.  The marginal and small farmers are those whose land holding is less than 1-2 hectors (2.5 to 5 acres).

Indians are poor people with rich gods. The Padmanabhaswamy temple is one of the 108 Lord Vishnu temples having worth of Rs1.2 Lakh crores and is reported holding 1300 tons of gold.

India is a house of 31million unemployed ( 7%).The evenues for employments are fully under control of Elite Bhartiyas. The share of 3.75% of total country  employment is in Government sector where a little share is with poor due to reservation in employment for weaker sections (SCs,STs,OBCs).But  3.54% employment opportunities  are with private sector, where poor  sections  have share in labour and junior ministerial jobs. Here all managerial jobs are with Elite Bhartiyas.

The chances of reduction of gap between to influential and deprived Bhartiyas seem little in the near future. The possibility of change lies faithfully implementing the constitution provisions of share of deprived Bhartiyas in all the four wings of democracy viz:  political, administrative, judiciary and media. But the elected representative too comes from the Elite Bhartiyas their concern for the left over Indian lot has been seen as lack lust. In the 16^th Lok Sabha we have 449 crorepaties MP’s. Out of 541 winners as many as 186 have criminal cases and 112 have serious criminal cases against them.  The Rajya Sabha is no different where 90% MP’s(RS) are crorepaties with the richest having assets of  Rs 4,078  crores as on 22-3-2018. The MP’s from the poor strata to fill the reserved post cannot speak either due to their poor knowledge or due to party whips and fear to loose seat under anti defection laws. Their selection is on the basis of their party loyalty.

  In the Indian judiciary only 250-300 families contribute Supreme court and Hc’s judges.  In the administration majority of senior administrative posts are held by another few families mostly from higher castes. The Indian media is held by big corporate houses with little concern for the poor. Since 1947 many hundred welfare schemes have been launched,  out of  which many schemes re-names modified/changed with the change of every Prime minister.  But these schemes have failed to mitigate the conditions of deprived Bhartiyas to the desired level.

As per version of Babu Parmanand  ( 1932-2008) former Governor of Haryana Indian’s  poverty removal lies in faithfully implementing of three problems

1)     Education to all with one syllabus for all irrespective of caste, creed or religion and one rate of

           school fees for both public and private schools. 

      2)          Land and House to the landless as per their minimum need.

    3)             Job to all able jobless hands            

 In India the infamous caste-class-power nexus, which renders most program implementation vulnerable to hijack through the unholy conspiracy among the rural /urban elite to the detriment of the rural poor and finally, lax oversight and soft mechanisms to check and to correct inappropriate program implementation.

Of late the Constitution burning incidents are taking place besides open talks by ruling dispensation members to change the Constitution are no healthy signs for the country.

It seems that the only concern of elites for poor’s is to get  their votes during elections. It looks as India is being run as a business house of Elite Bhartiya and not a welfare state as per the canons of our Constitution.

Words 2580

Dated :-1^st Sept.2018                                        By  :-Er.H. R.Phonsa,Jammu